The Decameron is a collection of about 100 novellas as described by Italian author Giovanni Boccaccio. It started the literary creation in about 1350 and finished it in 1353. This is considered as a medieval allegorical work that is better known for its coarse tales of love, that are contained about in all categories from erotic to the tragic. According to some experts certain parts of the tales have received the influence of The Book of God.   Many recognized writers like as Geoffrey Chaucer, are told to be inspired from the The Decameron. The title is an abbreviated form for the two Greek Words as known to be “10″ and “day”.

The Decameron is formed in the structure of the frame narrative, or frame tale. The Decameron has an integral place as into the history of the novel and was completed by the Giovanni Boccaccio in 1353. It starts with a description of the Bubonic Plague (Black Death) and delves into an introduction of a group of seven young women and three young men who fled from plague-ridden Florence for a villa outside of the city walls. And there they share stories each for everyone for about ten nights at the Villa. The Decameron is a distinctive work, in shows in varieties like physical, psychological and social impact had the Bubonic Plague at that part of the Europe.

One of the women, Pampinea, while during the narration becomes the Queen for the first day and thereafter king or queen used to tell you will succeed then and decides the themes for current day story telling.  There each day happens to be a new theme assigned there except for days 1 and 9. Boccaccio there used to provide introduction and conclusion for each and every story including the day activities before and after the story-telling. These inserts regularly involves the transcriptions of Italian folk songs and references to various Italian folk dances.

As with respect to the real interpretation of the frame narrative as adopted in Decameron even provides a unity in respect to the philosophical outlook and interdependence. Most o the stories there appears to be weaved around the theme of Lady Fortune and the rise and fall of a person through the external influences of the “Wheel of Fortune”. The author of Decameron Boccaccio was been educated in the style of Dante’s Divine Comedy that even used and traced different level of allegory to make a relation between the literal events of the story and the Christian message. Many details of the Decameron are yet related to the medieval sense of numerology and the mystical significance.

The Gabinetto Scientifico Letterario G. P. Vieusseux, that was suddenly resurfaced around in 1819 by Giovan Pietro Vieusseux, a merchant from Geneva, is a famous library in Florence, Italy. That is known for relating the culture of Italy with that of the other European countries as in around the 19th century and is even a primary reference point for the Risorgimento movement.

The library initially was started as the reading room that even provided leading European periodicals for Florentines and visitors from outside in a setting and environment that even encouraged conversation and the exchange of ideas. This circulating library provides the latest and best publications in Italian, French and English and is located next to the reading room. The legends from the Europe were the regular visitors at this library.  The primary persons who visited the library are the likes as Giacomo Leopard, Alessandro Manzoni, Stendhal, Schopenhauer, J. F. Cooper, Thackeray, Dostoevsky, Mark Twain, Émile Zola, André Gide, Kipling, Aldous Huxley and D. H. Lawrence. The institute personally was under the control of the Vieusseux family until 1919 when it transformed into a foundation that also had a governing body and was supervised by the Mayor of Florence or its delegates. The work to expand and enrich the library kept on going till the 20th century even under the direction of the noted intellectuals of the time like as Bonaventura Tecchi, Eugenio Montale and, for forty years under Alessandro Bonsanti. The foundation also organizes the meetings, conferences and exhibitions as through out the year. In 1995, the quarterly review as founded by Bonsanti in 1966 started its publication.

The library has a good number of collections and books as showing up its cosmopolitan character in its two sections, one the lending library and the other one the reading room for journals. Its present collection has about 300,000 monographs as in different languages as Italian, French, English, and some other sources in German language as well. The library too is quite well with respect to the leisure reading as well as it provides the large collection of detective stories and best sellers of various types. The library has about 2,700 journals in different languages about what 600 are from the nineteenth century. About 350 journals in the library are yet in circulation.

In October 1975, the Contemporary Archives started in the library with an aim to collect the diverse material as related to impressive contemporary persons.  This Archive is kept into novel fourteenth-century rooms of the city-owned Palazzo Corsini Suarez, which in itself and its landscape is quite different from different structures in the city. The library too has a Conservation Center that is the part of the Gabinetto Vieusseux that even look around the physical protection of properties as kept in the Institute.

David is a great work of art by Renaissance sculpture as formed by him between the duration of 1501 and 1504, by the Italian artist Michelangelo. It is a 5.17 meter marble statue of male nude in standing position. The statue showcases the hero from the Bible David that too is a popular subject among art lovers in Florence.

The statue was originally constructed as one of a series of prophets as to be kept along the roofline of the east end of Florence Cathedral.  However, the statue was kept at a public square located outside the Palazzo della Signoria, which is a seat of civic government in Florence. The statue was unveiled on 8 September 1504.  Due to the nature of the hero that this Statute showcases it soon became the symbol of the defense of civil liberties as represented in the Florentine Republic. It was at time was an independent city state as surrounded and threatened by the much powerful rival states by the hegemony and status of the Medici family. The eyes of David, with a warning glare, are looking towards Rome. Later on the statue was moved away from the Accademia Gallery in Florence in 1873, and replaced by a replica at the original location.

Before, Michelangelo’s involvement as according the project of the overseers of the office of Works of the Duomo (Operai), contracted Agostino to create a sculpture of David. A block of marble was provided, from a quarry in Carrara, a town in the Apuan Alps in northern and work was remained incomplete unless it was handover to Michelangelo on August 16, 1501. On January 25, 1504, when the sculpture was nearing completion, Florentine authorities had decided to keep that six ton under the roof of the Loggia dei Lanzi on Piazza della Signoria.  In June, 1504 David was installed in front of the entrance to the Palazzo Vecchio, replacing Donatello’s bronze sculpture of Judith and Holofernes, which embodied a comparable theme of heroic resistance. On 12 November 2010, a fiberglass replica of the David was installed on the roofline of Florence Cathedral, for one day only.

Michelangelo’s David is entirely different from as in the Michelangelo’s sculpture from as he is depicted as a Biblical hero.  According to a common view David is shown before his battle with Goliath. The facial expression’s of David as appears to be the tense and equally ready for the David’s face. The contrast between the intense expression and his calm pose shows the condition of David to fight Goliath as immediately before the war is about to take place. However some other expert interprets it as time immediately after the war when David was contemplating about his victory.

The Palazzo Pitti, is sometimes in English languages is termed as the Pitti Palace, that vastly is a Renaissance palace in Florence. It is located on the southern side of the River Arno, a slightest distance away from the Ponte Vecchio. The central and the most integral part to palazzo dates back from 1458 and was relatively the town residence of Luca Pitto, who was an ambitious Florentine Banker.

The palace was procured by the Medici family in 1549 and became the home for residence of the ruling families of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. With the passage of time it developed into an enormous treasure house where the latter generations collected and preserved the massive paintings, plates, jewelry and other luxurious possessions. While at the end of the 18th century, the Palazzo was employed as a power base by Napoleon and later on they worked and served for a brief period as the principal royal palace of the newly constructed and united Italy.

The palace and its contents were donated to the Italian people by King Victor Emmanuel III in 1919, and it was thus open wide open to the pubic as one of the Florence’s largest art galleries.  Presently, it holds the several minor collections with addition to those of the Medici family and is fully open for the public view. The Palazzo Pitti is constructed with the severe and simple architecture. One regular architectural theme has been used through out the four centuries has developed enormous and impressive elevations and façades which belie the long evolution and history of the structure.  The architecture commands attention by virtue of size, strength and the reflection of the sun on the glass and stone, coupled with the repetitive, almost monotonous theme.

Presently, the place has transformed from royal palace to museum, and is under the control of the Italian state through the “Polo Museale Fiorentino”, an institution that looks after the twenty museums, involving the Uffizi Gallery, and is depositary of about 250,000 collected works of art. While sitting on it, and overlooking towards Florence, while remaining in the air and atmosphere of a private collection in a grand house. This to a great extent depends upon the “Amici di Palazzo Pitti” (Friends of the Palazzo Pitti), an organisation of volunteers and patrons of museum as established in 1996. It raises funds and makes suggestions for the ongoing maintenance of the palazzo and the collections. Palazzo Pitti is an essential stop for about five million visitors that every year travel Florence.

Florence is a very interesting and has a varied and rich history because of the prominence that it holds and has great artworks in field of architecture and artwork. It also organizes cultural events annually, too and some of them are being referred below.

• Florence Marathon: Every year around 6,000 athletes take part in the winding streets of Florence at the annual Florence Marathon. This around 26 mile (42km) long race starts from the Piazzale Michelangelo and crosses the Ponte alla Vittoria. Runners there follow on the games route trough the Parco delle Cascine, Piazza del Duomo and Piazza Signoria before the race stops at Piazza Santa Croce at the center of town.

• Florence Tango Festival: Annually, Florence Tango Festival is organized for the best dancers from across and from the entire globe to Florence’s Saschall Theatre where various art exhibitions, shows, workshops, dinners and tango classes loved by locals and tourists in the same manner and attitude. There you can have a lot for learning on simple and fascinating art of tango.

• Worldwide Florentine Festival: This particular annual Florentine Festival generally occur at in the Lungarno Amerigo Vespucci and is chance for Tuscany’s most beautiful towns to indulge in festivities and good time before lent. The tradition is related to the 15th and 16th centuries when Canti carnascialeschi were carried out by men and boys in masks who used to impress ladies they were attracted from. Each community there use to catch their hold before getting into a procession that starts at Piazza Ognissanti and arrives at Piazza della Signoria.

• Epiphany: This is enjoyed as a legal holiday in Italy, where Epiphany commemorates the arrival of the Three Kings in Bethlehem. It also is celebrated for La Befana that is Italy’s traditional manner and method of gift giving. The Befana is fabled as a witch-like woman to make out difference between Santa Claus and can learn whether children are good or bad. In order to enjoy Epiphany, a “Cavalcade of the Three Kings” is being understood taking place in downtown Florence on the occasion of January 6. On this special occasion, a parade of beautiful Renaissance starts from Palazzo Pitti and moves through the city passing close to Piazza della Signoria and arriving at the Cathedral and Baptistery in Piazza del Duomo.

• Carnevale: This event is enjoyed by having a grand parade that floats across the city, involving the huge puppet dragon; the Florence carnival presents the mixture of diverse world cultures. Local tradition is there represented through colour fully dressed characters and musicians in Renaissance dress, riders on horseback, bands and dancers. The entire program is prepared by local city council along with representatives of all foreign communities that live in Florence.

On Florence excursion you enjoy a wonderful weekend in the country or either a day trip as there are many places which are hardly within an hour or half a distance from Florence using a public transport system. In Tuscany you can have on you excursion following places to be worth visiting:

• Verrazzno: Castello di Verrazzano can be reached traveling along the scenic wine road and its ancient grandeur on the horizon it is lined at regular intervals by the characteristic cypresses that create the road that converts it into one of the unique wineries in the whole of Tuscany. However it is good to learn about wine tasting excursion before taking the visit to Castello di Verrazzano.

• Mugello: It is a unique and wonderful valley that is patched with green landscape and is located to the north of Florence. A good number of visitors are touring it for its natural characteristics and beautiful villages. There are around nine districts in Mugello region: Barberino del Mugello, Borgo San Lorenzo, Firenzuola, Marradi, Palazzuolo sul Senio, San Piero a Sieve, Scarperia, Vaglia and Vicchio. On excursion there are a good number of places to visit like museums, churches, typical dishes of gastronomy as to enjoy in the typical atmosphere of the region.

• Pisa: On this tour you will learn and know about the Roman époque Pisa as a prosperous sea-town, that ravaged due to frequent attacks, however, restored its splendor and prestige after the XI and XII centuries due to maritime business and winning the Sardinia, Corsica, and several Balearic Isles. The prominent attraction in Pisa is no doubt are the leaning Tower along with the Baptistery and the Camposanto all constructed between the XI and the XII century.

• Siena: Siena once was considered as a rival to Florence for artistic and political control in central Italy. There walking the winding streets of this remarkable hill town, one can see many artistic result as sprouted from this competition. The Piazza del Campo is a beautiful square in the center of the city, where every year rival competitors get mixed up in the “Palio”, the horserace surrounded its perimeter. Next you can visit the nearby Palazzo Pubblico or town hall where you can enjoy frescoes by Simone Martini and Lorenzetti before ascending the bell Tower del Mangia for enjoying beautiful sight of the city and its countryside.

• Siena and San Gimignano: It is one of the most scenic and adventurous areas in Tuscany. There one enjoy and feel recluse at the beautiful San Gimignano – a small city that has remained intact through the centuries, and Siena – an inspiring magnificent medieval city. There you will get chance to visit the Cathedral, with the Piccolomini Library, the Opera Metropolitana museum and the Piazza del Campo that is one of the most beautiful squares in Eu